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Author
Publisher
IntechOpen
Pub. Date
2023
Language
English
Description
Wheat is one of the main crops worldwide with a production of 733 million of tons by 2015. By 2013, the wheat grain production in Mexico was 3,357,307 t. Wheat straw is generated as a biomass waste once the wheat is harvested. However, the agricultural biomass waste has acquired international relevance as a source of bioenergy. The utilization of bioenergy has significant environmental benefits, and also economic benefits because the biomass waste...
Author
Publisher
IntechOpen
Pub. Date
2023
Language
English
Description
In recent years, the production of hydrogen through dark fermentation has become increasingly popular because it is a sustainable approach to produce clean energy. Thus, an evaluation of studies reported on hydrogen production from different complex wastewaters will be of immense importance in economizing production technologies. This work presents a review of the advances in the bioreactor and bioprocess design for biohydrogen production from different...
83) Chromium Species and 3D-Fluorescence Spectroscopy in a Soil Irrigated with Industrial Wastewater
Author
Publisher
IntechOpen
Pub. Date
2023
Language
English
Description
Irrigation of agricultural land with wastewater is beneficial because it incorporates organic matter into the soil, as well as organic ions (such as nitrates, sulfates, and phosphates). However, long-term application causes negative effects such as the accumulation of heavy metals. The wastewater used in the agricultural soils, also incorporates organic refractory compounds, which affect the microbial population and fertility. This chapter aimed to...
Author
Publisher
IntechOpen
Pub. Date
2023
Language
English
Description
Industrial wastewater generally contains significant amounts of toxic heavy metals that cause a problem of contamination to the environment. In this chapter, the use of polyelectrolytic waste as new coagulant-flocculating-chelating agents in the separation of Cu, Ni, Zn, Pb, Cd, Cr by a coagulation-flocculation process is discussed. The isoelectric point (ζ = 0) of the residual water was reached with a dose of 2.5 mg chitosan and observed a clarification...
Author
Publisher
IntechOpen
Pub. Date
2023
Language
English
Description
Wastewater derived from food production is highly variable, depending on the specific types of food processing operations (e.g., fruit, vegetable, oils, dairy, meat, and fish). Advances in membranes technology have showed many advantages for wastewater treatment of food industry. By implementing membranes, the separated substances and clean water are often recoverable in a chemically unchanged form and are therefore easily re-used. Maximum benefits...
Author
Publisher
IntechOpen
Pub. Date
2023
Language
English
Description
Coal mining sites and copper sulphide mines caused polluting acidic mine waters. Acidic mine drainage (AMD) into the natural streams and agricultural field irrigation waters causes environmental pollution with dissolved contents having heavy metals or acidic aqueous solutions of habitats and living fish in the local ponds and irrigation ponds. It is necessary to collect the polluted mine waters in the impermeable ponds and treat or neutralize the...
Author
Publisher
IntechOpen
Pub. Date
2023
Language
English
Description
Municipal solid waste (MSW) is one of the residue materials considered as a potential source for biofuel production in the EU Renewable Energy Directive (RED), which establishes that a minimum of 10% biofuels for transport shall be used in every Member State by 2020, thus promoting advanced biofuel from waste. A high-temperature gasification technology transforms MSW into a syngas rich in hydrogen and carbon monoxide and free of tar, char and harmful...
Author
Publisher
IntechOpen
Pub. Date
2023
Language
English
Description
The predatory exploitation techniques used for the supply of protein resources have been systematically causing the decrease in seafood. The solution was sought in the form of marine farms, for the purpose of production of fish and seafood. Brazil created an incentive production of seafood in order to increase seafood production. In 1998, the state governments joined the project, encouraging the creation of marine farms without an assessment of the...
Author
Publisher
IntechOpen
Pub. Date
2023
Language
English
Description
The intention with the recent chapter is to provide an illustration and to present some aspects of the evaluation on the potential possibilities of the application of clayey geological media for storage of wastes of nuclear origin. Following this short introduction in the second part an overview is given on the types and most important long life-time isotopes, and on the ongoing processes which might occur during the several thousand years of operation...
Author
Publisher
IntechOpen
Pub. Date
2023
Language
English
Description
The work presented here uses agricultural wastes to prepare materials for effluent cleaning
with rice and beer production wastes, etherification of glycerol from biodiesel production, enzyme immobilisation and use in biodiesel preparation and Bioecomaterials for tissue
engineering and controlled desorption of bioactive substances.
Author
Publisher
IntechOpen
Pub. Date
2023
Language
English
Description
Torrefaction is a thermochemical process in a narrow temperature ranging from 200 to 300°C, where primarily hemicellulose fibers are depolymerized. This process is carried out under atmospheric pressure and in anaerobic conditions; heating ratio is low (...
Author
Publisher
IntechOpen
Pub. Date
2023
Language
English
Description
Human development and society progress require solving many pressing issues, including sustainable energy production and environmental conservation. Thermoelectric power generation looks like promising opportunity converting huge heat from the sun and waste heat from industrial sector, housing appliances and infrastructure and automobile and other fuel combustion exhaust directly to electrical energy. Thermoelectric power generation will be of high...
Author
Publisher
IntechOpen
Pub. Date
2023
Language
English
Description
Proper treatment of wastewater is important to human health and societal development, and the commonly applied wastewater treatment technologies based on aerobic treatment have a significant demand for energy. Thus, new treatment technologies with low energy consumption and possible recovery of valuable resources (e.g., energy and water) from wastewater become of strong interest. Among the newly developed concepts, microbial fuel cells (MFCs) integrated...
Author
Publisher
IntechOpen
Pub. Date
2023
Language
English
Description
The present chapter shows the energetic potential of the solid organic wastes generated in Colombia and its capacity to produce biohydrogen by anaerobic fermentation; additionally is presented a research carried out at the Laboratory of Agricultural Mechanization of the National University of Colombia in Medellín between the years 2009 and 2012, which main aim was determinate the initial feasibility to generate biohydrogen from urban organics wastes...
Author
Publisher
IntechOpen
Pub. Date
2023
Language
English
Description
The residues coming from woodlands and agricultural exploitation constitute the most abundant biomass available on earth. Its importance as a source of renewable energy has grown in addition to the environmental impact. Biomass waste is a lignocellulosic feedstock which contains three main biopolymers: cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin. It could be utilized for the production of a number of value-added products due to their chemical composition,...
96) Vapor Inhibitors for Corrosion Protection in Humid and Saline, Natural, and Industrial Environments
Author
Publisher
IntechOpen
Pub. Date
2023
Language
English
Description
Corrosion is a pernicious phenomenon that appears in engineering materials, infrastructure assets, and industrial equipment exposed to the atmosphere, water, and soil. The aim of this chapter is to produce a body of knowledge on the theory and practice of corrosion inhibition so it can be used in the selection of corrosion inhibitors, to prevent and/or minimize corrosion in natural environments and industrial facilities. Corrosion inhibitors are employed...
Author
Publisher
IntechOpen
Pub. Date
2023
Language
English
Description
Waste vegetable oils as a sustainable, low-cost and low-toxicity feedstock are attracting more interests for the production of oleochemicals that are excellent substitutes for petroleum-based chemicals widely used in the petroleum industry. The compounds resulting from transesterification-epoxidation-sulfonation of waste vegetable oils have great potential as bio-based surface active agents with extensive application in the petroleum industry. The...
Author
Publisher
IntechOpen
Pub. Date
2023
Language
English
Description
This chapter presents one method to obtain the renewable “biodiesel” energy source through animal fats transesterification with high free fatty acid content. The authors tested different methods to produce biodiesel from waste animal fats. The purpose of research was to use the byproduct from the meat industry, the wastes in form of fats with high free fatty acid content (FFA), fats that cannot be used in other sectors, like supplement in animal...
Author
Publisher
IntechOpen
Pub. Date
2023
Language
English
Description
As the biggest challenge in e-waste recycling is the collection of the waste materials from the consumers, this chapter focuses on to the first step of the end of life process, on how to develop an efficient collection process to collect obsolete products from consumers. Awareness rising is currently the key to successful electronics waste management as the practices are not yet seen as everyday business. Consumer study is presented to show how people...
Author
Publisher
IntechOpen
Pub. Date
2023
Language
English
Description
Over the course of the last 50 years, a large number of major technological advances have contributed to the development of higher-strength, high-performance materials that provide excellent benefits. Nevertheless, in most cases, after a very short useful life, these products become waste material and contribute to environmental degradation. This situation has created an environmental crisis that has reached global proportions. In efforts to combat...
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